每日外刊中国的下一艘航空母舰将是其最大的
背景知识
航空母舰(英文:Aircraft Carrier),是以舰载机为主要战斗装备,并为其提供海上活动基地的大型水面战斗舰艇。简称"航母",广义上包括直升机母舰。现代航空母舰,按排水量可分为大型(6万吨以上)、中型(3-6万吨)和小型(3万吨以下)航空母舰,按动力装置可分为常规动力和核动力航空母舰,按作战任务可分为攻击、反潜和多用途航空母舰等。航空母舰主要用于攻击水面舰艇和潜艇,打击陆上目标、沿海基地和港口设施,夺取作战海区的制空权、制海权、制电磁权、支援登陆作战等。航母攻击威力大,机动性、适航性、耐波性好,防护能力强,通常与巡洋舰、驱逐舰、护卫舰、潜艇和补给舰等护航舰船组成航空母舰战斗群,执行作战任务。
航空母舰舰体拥有巨大的甲板和舰岛,舰岛大多坐落于右舷。航空母舰一般总是一支以航空母舰为核心的战斗群舰船,舰队中的其它船只提供航母保护和供给,而航母则提供空中掩护和远程打击能力。航空母舰已是现代海军不可或缺的武器,也是海战最重要的舰船之一。依靠航空母舰,一个国家可以在远离其国土的区域、在不依靠当地的机场的情况下施加军事压力和进行作战。航空母舰已是现代海军不可或缺的利器,也成为了一个国家综合国力的象征。
正文阅读
China’s next aircraft-carrier will be its biggest
中国的下一艘航空母舰将是其最大的
Jiangnan shipyard lies on an alluvial island at the mouth of the Yangzi river. It has grown rapidly since it moved there from nearby Shanghai in 2009, churning out destroyers, icebreakers and landing craft for the Chinese navy. The jewel in its crown is under construction. China is saying little about it, but satellite imagery reveals a near-complete flight deck in a corner of the yard where, less than 15 years ago, there was only farmland.
江南造船厂位于扬子江口的一个冲积岛上。自2009年从附近的上海迁到这里,为中国海军生产驱逐舰、破冰船和登陆艇以来,它发展迅速。其皇冠上的宝石正在建造中。中国对此几乎没有透露什么,但卫星图像显示,在船厂的一个角落里,有一个接近完整的飞行甲板,不到15年前,这里还只是农田。
For now, the vessel-to-be is blandly known to military analysts as the Type 003. It will be China’s second domestically built aircraft-carrier and the largest ship that has ever served in the Chinese fleet. Experts at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), a think-tank in Washington, have analysed satellite pictures such as the one above, which was taken in June by Planet Labs, an American firm. They conclude that the ship will be about as long as New York’s Chrysler Building is high: about 320 metres. She will mark another leap forward in China’s advance as a naval power.
目前,这艘即将建造的舰艇被军事分析家们轻描淡写称为003型。它将是中国第二艘国产航空母舰,也是中国舰队中曾经服役过的最大船只。华盛顿智囊团战略与国际研究中心(CSIS)的专家分析了卫星图片,如上面这张由美国公司Planet Labs于6月拍摄的图片(见封面图)。他们得出结论,这艘船的长度将与纽约克莱斯勒大厦的高度相当:大约320米。她将标志着中国作为一个海军大国的又一次飞跃。
The Type 003 could be launched this year, state media say. But building carriers is not the same as sailing them. Flying planes off wobbly decks is hard. In America, thousands of jets and pilots were lost in the formative years of naval aviation. It is also difficult to keep a carrier safe from missiles and submarines, and to integrate one into a "strike group" of warships. "It’s taken us over 100 years to get that right," noted an American admiral in September. China hopes to be quicker.
国家媒体说,003型可能会在今年下水。但是建造航母和驾驶航母不一样。从摇摇晃晃的甲板上驾驶飞机是很难的。在美国,成千上万的喷气式飞机和飞行员在海军航空兵的成长期失去了生命。要保证一艘航母不受导弹和潜艇的攻击,并将一艘航母整合成一个"打击群"也很困难。"我们花了100多年的时间才做到这一点。"一位美国海军将领在9月指出。中国希望能更快。
今日单词 aircraft-carrier 航空母舰; shipyard /ˈʃɪpjɑːrd/ n.造船厂; alluvial /əˈluːviəl/ adj.冲击的; churn out 大量生产; icebreaker /ˈaɪsbreɪkər/ n.破冰船; landing craft 登陆艇; jewel /ˈdʒuːəl/ n.宝石; crown /kraʊn/ n.皇冠; vessel-to-be 即将建造的舰艇; blandly /ˈblændli/ adv.平静地; leap forward 质的飞跃; wobbly /ˈwɑːbli/ adj.摇摇晃晃的; formative /ˈfɔːrmətɪv/ adj.形成的; missile /ˈmɪsl/ n.导弹; submarine /ˈsʌbməriːn/ n.潜艇; integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ vt.整合; warship /ˈwɔːrʃɪp/ n.战舰;
素材来源
文本选自:The Economist(经济学人)
作者:Unknown
原文发布时间:18 Jun. 2022
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