专利是什么

　　一、专利的含义
　　专利：从字面上是指专有的 权利 和利益。＂专利＂一词来源于拉丁语Litterae patentes，意为公开的信件或公共文献，是中世纪的君主用来颁布某种 特权 的证明，后来指 英国国王 亲自签署的独占权利证书。
　　在现代，专利一般是由政府机关或者代表若干国家的区域性组织根据申请而颁发的一种文件，这种文件记载了发明创造的内容，并且在一定时期内产生这样一种法律状态。
　　专利是受法律规范保护的发明创造，它是指一项发明创造向国家或地区审批机关提出专利申请，经依法审查合格后向专利申请人授予的在规定的时间内对该项发明创造享有的专有权。即获得专利的发明创造在一般情况下他人只有经专利权人许可才能予以实施。
　　One，The meaning of patent
　　Patent: Literally refers to exclusive rights and interests. The term ＂patent＂ comes from the Latin Litterae patentes, which means open letters or public documents. It is a certificate used by medieval monarchs to issue certain privileges, and later refers to the exclusive right certificate signed by the King of England.
　　In modern times, a patent is generally a document issued by a government agency or a regional organization representing several countries based on an application. This document records the content of an invention and creation and generates such a legal status within a certain period of time.
　　A patent is an invention-creation protected by laws and regulations. It refers to an invention-creation filed with a national or regional examination and approval agency for a patent, which is granted to the patent applicant within a specified time after passing the examination according to law. Exclusive right.
　　That is to say, a patented invention can only be implemented by others with the permission of the patentee under normal circumstances.
　　二、专利的含义
　　1、防止被侵权以及侵权他人
　　专利局依法将发明创造向社会公开，授予专利权，给予发明人在一定期限内对其发明创造享有独占权，把发明创造作为一种财产权予以法律保护。
　　2、提高发明内容的价值
　　促进发明技术向全社会的公开与传播，同时可以鼓励公民、法人搞发明创造的积极性。
　　Second, the meaning of patents
　　1. Prevent being infringed and infringing others
　　The Patent Office discloses inventions and creations to the public in accordance with the law, grants patent rights, grants inventors an exclusive right to their inventions and creations within a certain period of time, and treats inventions and creations as a kind of property rights for legal protection.
　　2. Improve the value of invention content
　　Promote the disclosure and dissemination of invention technology to the whole society, and at the same time encourage citizens and legal persons to be enthusiasm for invention and creation.
　　三、专利的分类
　　1、发明专利
　　发明专利是指对产品、方法或其改进所提出的新的技术方案。
　　可分为：
　　产品发明专利，是指以物质形式出现的发明。
　　方法发明专利，是指以程序或者过程形式出现的发明。
　　我国《专利法》第二条第二款对发明的定义是：＂发明是指对产品、方法或者其改进所提出的新 的技术方案。＂
　　2、实用新型专利
　　实用新型专利是指对产品的构造或其结合所提出的适用于实用的新的技术方案。
　　针对具体的产品（仪器、用具）、有一定的创造性（是实物的进步）、实用性强（具有技术性能）只限于产品发明的一部分，既有一定形状或者构造的产品。不能是一种方法，也不能是没有固定形状的产品。
　　我国《专利法》第二条第三款对实用新型的定义是：＂实用新型是指对产品的形状、构造或者其 结合所提出的适用于实用的技术方案。＂
　　3、外观设计专利
　　外观设计专利是指对产品的形状、图案或其结构和以及色彩与形状、图案的结合所做出的富有美感并适于工业应用的新设计。
　　我国《专利法》第二条第四款对外观设计的定义是：＂外观设计是指对产品的形状、图案或其结 合以及色彩与形状、图案的结合所作出的富有美感并适于工业应用的新设计。＂
　　Three，Classification of patents
　　1. Invention patent
　　Invention patents refer to new technical solutions proposed for products, methods or improvements.
　　It can be pided into:
　　Product invention patents refer to inventions in material form.
　　A method invention patent refers to an invention in the form of a program or process.
　　The second paragraph of Article 2 of my country＂s ＂Patent Law＂ defines invention as: ＂Invention refers to a new technical solution proposed for a product, method, or improvement.＂
　　2. Utility model patents
　　Utility model patents refer to new technical solutions that are applicable to the product structure or its combination.
　　For specific products (instruments, appliances), a certain degree of creativity (a physical advancement), and strong practicability (with technical performance), it is only limited to a part of the product invention, including products with a certain shape or structure. It cannot be a method, nor a product without a fixed shape.
　　The definition of utility model in the third paragraph of Article 2 of my country＂s ＂Patent Law＂ is: ＂Utility model refers to a practical technical solution proposed for the shape, structure or combination of a product.＂
　　3. Appearance design patent
　　Appearance design patents refer to new designs that are aesthetically pleasing and suitable for industrial applications based on the product＂s shape, pattern or structure, and the combination of color, shape, and pattern.
　　The definition of design in Article 2, paragraph 4 of my country＂s ＂Patent Law＂ is: ＂Design refers to the shape, pattern or combination of products, and the combination of color, shape, and pattern that is aesthetically pleasing and suitable for industrial applications. New design.＂
　　参考资料：百度
　　英文翻译：Google翻译
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