卡拉杰克矩阵

　　卡拉杰克矩阵以收益影响（Profit Impact）和供应风险（Supply Risk）作为其维度。
　　收益影响包括采购项目在产品增值、原材料总成本以及产品收益等方面的战略影响；而供应风险有供应市场的复杂性、技术创新及原材料更替的步伐、市场进入的门槛、物流成本及复杂性、以及供给垄断或短缺等市场条件。
　　杠杆项目（Leverage Items）：所谓杠杆项目就是可选供应商较多、能够为买家带来较高利润的采购项目。替换供应商较为容易。具有标准化的产品质量标准。
　　战略项目（Strategic Items）：所谓战略项目就是对买方的产品或生产流程至关重要的采购项目。这些项目往往由于供给稀缺或运输困难而具有较高的供应风险。战略项目价值比例高、产品要求高，同时又只能靠个别供应商供应或者供应难以确保。
　　非关键性项目（Non-Critical Items）：所谓非重要性项目就是指供给丰富、采购容易、财务影响较低的采购项目。具有标准化的产品质量标准。
　　瓶颈项目（Bottleneck Items）：所谓瓶颈项目就是指只能由某一特定供应商提供、运输不便、财务影响较低的采购项目。
　　英文翻译
　　The Karajek matrix takes Profit Impact and Supply Risk as its dimensions.
　　Revenue impact includes the strategic impact of procurement projects in terms of product value-added, total cost of raw materials, and product revenue; supply risks include the complexity of the supply market, technological innovation and the pace of raw material replacement, market entry thresholds, logistics costs and complexity, And market conditions such as supply monopoly or shortage.
　　Leverage Items: The so-called leveraged items are procurement items that have more suppliers and can bring higher profits to buyers. It is easier to replace suppliers. Have standardized product quality standards. Strategic Items: The so-called strategic items are procurement items that are vital to the buyer＂s product or production process. These projects often have a higher supply risk due to scarcity of supply or difficulty in transportation. Strategic projects have a high value ratio and high product requirements. At the same time, they can only be supplied by inpidual suppliers or it is difficult to ensure the supply. Non-Critical Items: The so-called non-critical items refer to procurement items with abundant supply, easy procurement, and low financial impact. Have standardized product quality standards. Bottleneck items (Bottleneck Items): The so-called bottleneck items refer to procurement items that can only be provided by a specific supplier, are inconvenient to transport, and have low financial impact.
　　参考资料：百度
　　翻译：Google翻译
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